The demand from Internet of Things (IoT), automotive networking and video applications are driving changes to Ethernet technology that will make it more time-sensitive.
Key to those changes are a number of developing standards but also a push from the University of New Hampshire InterOperability Laboratory to set up three new industry specific Ethernet Time-Sensitive Networking (TSN) consortiums — Automotive Networking, Industrial Networking, and ProAV Networking aimed at developing deterministic performance within standard Ethernet for real-time, mission critical applications.
“Standards-based precise time, guaranteed bandwidth, and guaranteed worst-case latency in a converged Ethernet network is a game-changer to many industries,” said Bob Noseworthy, Chief Engineer, UNH-IOL.
This is particularly true in industrial Ethernet environments where many proprietary Ethernet offerings and extensions pretty much still rule the day.
Best effort
“Where you are in a network that needs guaranteed response times and synchronised, real-time application performance, best-effort Ethernet doesn’t really work — you need much more granular, finely-controlled systems that Time-Sensitive Ethernet would bring,” said Harry Forbes, research director with the ARC Advisory Group in Dedham, MA. “Development of standardised tools for management and setting levels of service would be handy for end users.”
According to UNH-IOL, TSN standards allow deterministic real-time communication over Ethernet, letting offering to be built to provide extremely precise, predictable timing across the network. By adding features to Ethernet such as time synchronisation, ingress policing, seamless redundancy, frame preemption, scheduled traffic, and stream reservation, TSN ensures mission-critical, time sensitive data is not held up on the network, promoting an interoperable ecosystem spanning across many industries.
The three industry-specific time sensitive networking consortia formed today include:
Automotive Ethernet: “The future connected, autonomous vehicle requires the time sensitivity and predictability in networking that TSN provides to support Advanced Driver Assistance System (ADAS) requirements, infotainment expectations from consumers, and other elements of vehicle electronics. Supporting automotive original equipment manufacturers (OEMs) and manufacturers supplying OEMs enabled with deterministic Ethernet solutions, the TSN Automotive Networking Consortium provides a setting for collaboration and participation in shaping the emerging standards through neutral, third party conformance and interoperability testing,” the UNH-IOL stated.
Industrial networking: “TSN’s importance is also emerging in industrial automation due to the rise in interest around the IIoT, specifically the mission-critical, time sensitive data that must be transferred and shared within strict bounds of latency and reliability. TSN enhancements for Industrial Ethernet provide standards-based determinism and reliability needed for these applications. The TSN Industrial Networking Consortium brings together stakeholders to realise the benefits of TSN — bandwidth, security, interoperability, and latency and synchronisation for IIoT, robotics, assembly plants, and machines, as well as shape the standards and protocols for TSN in the industrial market,” according to the UNH-IOL.
Pro A/V networking: “Recent enhancements and certifications in the audio/video market have created a wider choice of compatible products and open technology that brings high-quality AV networking within the reach of any size Professional AV system. TSN enhancements provide the important timing audio and video systems need. The Pro AV Networking TSN Consortium is a testing ground for the promises of seamless redundancy, low-latency, and synchronisation in the professional audio/video market,” the UNH-IOL stated.
The new consortia effort is but one of a number of ongoing industry-wide developments toward building a more time-sensitive Ethernet. For example the Industrial Internet Consortium’s (IIC) Time-Sensitive Networks testbed is designed to assess TSN technologies as they come to market. “TSN will open up critical control applications such as robot control, drive control and vision systems to the Industrial Internet. This connectivity then enables customers, suppliers and vendors to more readily access data from these systems and to apply preventative maintenance and optimisation routines to these systems,” the IIC wrote.
Working groups
The IEEE has a number of proposed standard working groups developing all manner of TSN or deterministic Ethernet technologies. The IETF too has its Deterministic Networking (detnet) group, which works with the IEEE, to develop “an overall architecture that encompasses the data plane, OAM (Operations, Administration, and Maintenance), time synchronisation, management, control, and security aspects which are required to enable a multi-hop path, and forwarding along the path, with the deterministic properties of controlled latency, low packet loss, low packet delay variation, and high reliability.”
Still others like the Avnu Alliance are working to build “low-latency, time-synchronised, highly reliable synchronised networked devices using open standards through certification.” The Avnu Alliance says its members include more than 95% of the Ethernet silicon suppliers in the market, leading players in the networking infrastructure space, household names from the automotive industry and prominent firms in audio-visual markets.
“Avnu Alliance facilitates a new certified networking ecosystem and simplifies network synchronisation for engineers through Audio Video Bridging (AVB) and Time Synchronised Networking (TSN) standards, built into Ethernet, not around it; solving major technical and performance issues such as precise timing and real-time synchronisation, bandwidth reservation, and traffic shaping all while reducing the total cost of ownership by minimising deployment and maintenance time.”
IDG News Service
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