UN calls for global cooperation to share AI benefits worldwide
The global artificial intelligence market is expected to reach a staggering $4.8 trillion by 2033, comparable to the size of Germany’s economy. However, a new UN report has warned that unless immediate action is taken, this potential wealth could become concentrated in the hands of a select few.
According to the Technology and Innovation Report 2025 there is growing inequality within the AI landscape. Just 100 companies, primarily based in the United States and China, control 40% of global private investment in AI research and development, demonstrating a significant concentration of power. In addition, 118 countries, largely from the Global South, have been completely excluded from international discussions on AI governance.
Rebeca Grynspan, secretary general of UNCTAD, called for better international cooperation to put human well-being first over technological progress. She argued in favour of a collaborative approach to develop a global AI framework that promotes inclusivity and benefits for all countries.
The report predicted that up to 40% of all jobs worldwide could be affected by AI, presenting both opportunities and challenges. AI could deliver productivity gains and new industries, but there are also concerns about automation and job displacement, especially in economies that rely on cheap labor.
Despite these concerns, UNCTAD experts stress that the potential of AI goes beyond simply replacing jobs. They argue that AI can also foster the creation of new industries and empower workers. Governments can play a crucial role by investing in retraining, upskilling and workforce adaptation to ensure that AI increases job opportunities rather than eliminating them.
Developing countries risk being left behind in the AI revolution unless they strengthen three key areas: infrastructure, data and skills. This means investing in high-speed Internet connections and robust computing power to process massive amounts of information. Access to diverse, high-quality data sets is crucial to training effective and equitable AI systems. Equally important is developing education systems that equip people with the digital and problem-solving skills needed to thrive in an AI-driven world.
In addition to national policies, UNCTAD calls for increased international cooperation to manage the responsible development of artificial intelligence. The report suggests establishing a global facility to give all countries equal access to computing power and AI resources. It also recommends the introduction of a public disclosure framework for AI, similar to existing ESG (environment, society and governance) standards, to promote transparency and accountability.
UNCTAD Secretary General Grynspan emphasised that historical precedents show that technological advances alone do not guarantee equitable income distribution or inclusive human development. She stresses the importance of putting people at the center of the AI revolution.
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